Pokhala pansi pa chikakamizo chochulukirachulukira kuti apikisane nawo m'malo ovuta azachuma ndiukadaulo, makampani opanga mankhwala ndi biotech amayenera kupitiliza kukonza mapulogalamu awo a R&D kuti asatsogolere masewerawa.
Zatsopano zakunja zimabwera m'njira zosiyanasiyana ndipo zimayambira m'malo osiyanasiyana - kuchokera ku ma laboratories akuyunivesite, kupita kuzinthu zoyambilira zomwe zimayendetsedwa mwachinsinsi ndi mabungwe ofufuza zamapangano (CROs). Tiyeni tiwunikenso zina mwazofukufuku zomwe zidzakhale "zotentha" mu 2018 ndi kupitirira apo, ndikufotokozera mwachidule ena mwa osewera omwe akuyendetsa zatsopano.
Chaka chatha BioPharmaTrend mwachidulezochitika zingapo zofunikakukhudza mafakitale a biopharmaceutical, omwe ndi: kupita patsogolo kwazinthu zosiyanasiyana zamaukadaulo osintha ma gene (makamaka, CRISPR/Cas9); kukula kochititsa chidwi m'dera la immuno-oncology (maselo a CAR-T); kuyang'ana kwambiri pa kafukufuku wa microbiome; chidwi chozama pamankhwala olondola; kupita patsogolo kofunikira pakupeza maantibayotiki; chisangalalo chokulirapo chokhudza luntha lochita kupanga (AI) pakupeza mankhwala / chitukuko; kukula kotsutsana koma kofulumira m'dera la cannabis yachipatala; ndikuyang'ana mosalekeza kwa pharma pochita nawo mitundu yotumizira anthu ntchito za R&D kuti athe kupeza zatsopano komanso ukadaulo.
Pansipa pali kupitiriza kwa ndemangayi ndi mbali zina zambiri zofufuza zomwe zawonjezeredwa pamndandandawu, ndi ndemanga zina zowonjezera pazochitika zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa - ngati kuli koyenera.
1. Kutengedwa kwa Artificial Intelligence (AI) ndi pharma ndi biotech
Ndi hype yonse yozungulira AI masiku ano, ndizovuta kudabwitsa aliyense wokhala ndi izi pakufufuza zamankhwala. Komabe, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti makampani oyendetsedwa ndi AI amayambadi kutengeka ndi mankhwala akuluakulu ndi osewera ena otsogola a sayansi ya moyo, ndi mayanjano ambiri ofufuza ndi mapulogalamu ogwirizana -Panondi mndandanda wazinthu zofunikira mpaka pano, ndiPanondi ndemanga yachidule ya zochitika zina zodziwika mu malo a "AI for drug discovery" m'miyezi ingapo yapitayi.
Kuthekera kwa zida zozikidwa pa AI tsopano zikuwunikiridwa pazigawo zonse zopezeka ndi chitukuko cha mankhwala - kuchokera pakufufuza kafukufuku wa data ndikuthandizira pakuzindikiritsa chandamale ndi kutsimikizira, kuthandizira kubwera ndi zotsogola zatsopano ndi ofuna mankhwala, ndikulosera zamtundu wawo ndi kuopsa kwawo. Ndipo pomaliza, mapulogalamu ozikidwa pa AI tsopano akutha kuthandizira pokonzekera kaphatikizidwe ka mankhwala kuti apeze zinthu zochititsa chidwi. AI imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pokonzekera mayesero achipatala ndi achipatala komanso kusanthula deta yachipatala ndi yachipatala.
Kupitilira kupezedwa kwa mankhwala omwe akutsata, AI imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ena ofufuza, mwachitsanzo, m'mapulogalamu opeza mankhwala a phenotypic - kusanthula deta kuchokera kunjira zowunikira kwambiri.
Poyang'ana kwambiri zoyambira zoyendetsedwa ndi AI pakupezeka kwamankhwala ang'onoang'ono a mamolekyu, palinso chidwi chogwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje otere pakupeza ndi chitukuko cha biologics.
2. Kukulitsa malo opangira mankhwala pofufuza zinthu za mankhwala
Gawo lofunikira la pulogalamu yaying'ono yodziwira mankhwala a mamolekyu ndikuwunikira - kuzindikiritsa mamolekyu oyambira omwe angayambe ulendo wopita kumankhwala opambana (kawirikawiri amapulumuka paulendowu, ngakhale) - kudzera pakukhathamiritsa, kutsimikizira komanso kuyesa.
Chofunikira kwambiri pakufufuza kwamphamvu ndikupeza malo okulirapo komanso osiyanasiyana amankhwala monga mamolekyu oti asankhe omwe akufuna, makamaka, kuti afufuze za biology yatsopano. Poganizira kuti zosonkhanitsira zomwe zidalipo m'manja mwa pharma zidapangidwa mwa zina kutengera mamolekyu ang'onoang'ono omwe amayang'ana zomwe zimadziwika kuti zamoyo, zolinga zatsopano zamoyo zimafunikira mapangidwe atsopano ndi malingaliro atsopano, m'malo mobwezeretsanso kwambiri makemikolo omwewo.
Kutsatira izi, ma lab a maphunziro ndi makampani azinsinsi amapanga nkhokwe zamagulu amankhwala kuposa zomwe zimapezeka m'magulu amakampani opanga mankhwala. Zitsanzo zikuphatikizapo GDB-17 database ya mamolekyu enieni okhala ndi mamolekyu 166,4 biliyoni ndiFDB-17mamolekyu 10 miliyoni onga zidutswa zokhala ndi maatomu olemera okwana 17;ZINK- nkhokwe yaulere yamagulu omwe amapezeka pamalonda kuti awonedwe, okhala ndi mamolekyu 750 miliyoni, kuphatikiza 230 miliyoni m'mawonekedwe a 3D okonzekera kuyika; ndi chitukuko chaposachedwa cha malo amankhwala opezeka REadily AvailabLe (REAL) opangidwa ndi Enamine - mamolekyu 650 miliyoni osakasaka kudzeraREAL Space Navigatorsoftware, ndiMamolekyu 337 miliyoni osakasaka(mofanana) pa EnamineStore.
Njira ina yopezera malo atsopano opangira mankhwala kuti awonedwe ndikugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa laibulale ya DNA-encoded (DELT). Chifukwa cha "kugawikana-ndi-dziwe" chikhalidwe cha DELT kaphatikizidwe, zimakhala zotheka kupanga kuchuluka kwa mankhwala m'njira yotsika mtengo komanso nthawi yabwino (mamiliyoni mpaka mabiliyoni a mankhwala).Panondi lipoti lachidziwitso cha mbiri yakale, malingaliro, kupambana, zolepheretsa, ndi tsogolo la luso la laibulale la DNA.
3. Kutsata RNA ndi mamolekyu ang'onoang'ono
Izi ndizovuta kwambiri pakupeza mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi chisangalalo chomwe chikukula mosalekeza: ophunzira, oyambitsa biotech ndi makampani opanga mankhwala akuchulukirachulukira pakutsata RNA, ngakhale kusatsimikizika kulinso kwakukulu.
Mu chamoyo,DNAamasunga zambiri zamapulotenisynthesis ndiRNAamatsatira malangizo omwe ali mu DNA omwe amatsogolera kupanga mapuloteni mu ribosomes. Ngakhale mankhwala ambiri amalunjika ku mapuloteni omwe amachititsa matenda, nthawi zina sikokwanira kupondereza njira zoyambitsa matenda. Zikuwoneka ngati njira yanzeru yoyambira kale ndikuyambitsa RNA mapuloteni asanapangidwe, motero zimakhudza kwambiri kumasulira kwa genotype kupita ku phenotype yosafunikira (mawonetseredwe a matenda).
Vuto ndiloti, ma RNA ndiwodziwika bwino kwambiri pamamolekyu ang'onoang'ono - amakhala ozungulira, koma amatha kudzipotokola, kupindika, kapena kudzimamatira, kubwereketsa mawonekedwe ake m'matumba oyenera omangira mankhwala. Kupatula apo, mosiyana ndi mapuloteni, amapanga zitsulo zinayi zokha zomangira ma nucleotide zomwe zimawapangitsa kuti aziwoneka ofanana kwambiri komanso ovuta kusankha mamolekyu ang'onoang'ono.
Komabe,zingapo zapita patsogoloamati ndizotheka kupanga tinthu tating'ono tating'ono tokhala ngati mankhwala, tomwe timalimbana ndi RNA. Zidziwitso zatsopano zasayansi zidapangitsa kuthamangira kwagolide kwa RNA -pafupifupi makampani khumi ndi awirikukhala ndi mapulogalamu operekedwa kwa izo, kuphatikizapo mankhwala akuluakulu (Biogen, Merck, Novartis, ndi Pfizer), ndi zoyambira zasayansi monga Arrakis Therapeutics ndi$38M Series A kuzunguliramu 2017, ndi Expansion Therapeutics -$55M Series A koyambirira kwa 2018.
4. Kupezeka kwatsopano kwa maantibayotiki
Pali nkhawa yomwe ikukulirakulira pakukula kwa mabakiteriya osamva maantibayotiki - ma superbugs. Iwo ali ndi udindo wa imfa pafupifupi 700,000 padziko lonse lapansi chaka chilichonse, ndipo malinga ndi kubwereza kwa boma la UK chiwerengerochi chikhoza kuwonjezeka kwambiri - kufika pa 10 miliyoni pofika 2050. Mabakiteriya amasanduka ndikukula kukana mankhwala opha maantibayotiki omwe kale ankagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino kwambiri, kenako amakhala zosathandiza ndi nthawi.
Kusayenerera mankhwala a maantibayotiki kuchiza osavuta milandu odwala ndi kufala kwa maantibayotiki mu ulimi ziweto kusokoneza zinthu ndi imathandizira mlingo wa mabakiteriya masinthidwe, kuwapangitsa kugonjetsedwa ndi mankhwala ndi oopsa liwiro.
Kumbali inayi, kupezeka kwa maantibayotiki kwakhala kosasangalatsa kwa kafukufuku wamankhwala, poyerekeza ndi kupanga mankhwala 'otheka mwachuma' ambiri. Mwina ndiye chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chinayambitsa kuyimitsa kwa mapaipi a magulu atsopano opha maantibayotiki, ndipo omaliza adadziwika zaka zoposa makumi atatu zapitazo.
Masiku ano kupezeka kwa maantibayotiki kukukhala malo owoneka bwino kwambiri chifukwa cha kusintha kopindulitsa kwamalamulo owongolera, kulimbikitsa ma pharma kutsanulira ndalama mu mapulogalamu opeza maantibayotiki, komanso osunga ndalama - poyambitsa biotech kupanga mankhwala oletsa antibacterial. Mu 2016, mmodzi wa ife (AB)adawunikanso momwe maantibayotiki amapezera mankhwalandikufotokozera mwachidule zina mwazomwe zikuyembekezeredwa mumlengalenga, kuphatikiza Macrolide Pharmaceuticals, Iterum Therapeutics, Spero Therapeutics, Cidara Therapeutics, ndi Entasis Therapeutics.
Chodziwika bwino, chimodzi mwazosangalatsa zaposachedwa kwambiri mu malo opha maantibayotiki ndikupezeka kwa Teixobactinndi ma analogi ake mu 2015 ndi gulu la asayansi motsogozedwa ndi Dr. Kim Lewis, Mtsogoleri wa Antimicrobial Discovery Center ku Northeastern University. Gulu lamphamvu latsopanoli la maantibayotiki limakhulupirira kuti limatha kupirira kukula kwa mabakiteriya olimbana nawo. Chaka chatha, ofufuza ochokera ku yunivesite ya Lincoln adapanga bwino mtundu wa teixobactin, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti patsogolo.
Tsopano ofufuza ochokera ku Singapore Eye Research Institute asonyeza kuti mankhwala opangidwa ndi mankhwala amatha kuchiza Staphylococcus aureus keratitis mu zitsanzo za mbewa zamoyo; ntchito ya teixobactin isanayambe kuwonetsedwa mu vitro. Ndizopeza zatsopanozi, teixobactin idzafunikanso zaka 6-10 za chitukuko kuti ikhale mankhwala omwe madokotala angagwiritse ntchito.
Chiyambireni kupezeka kwa teixobactin mu 2015, banja lina latsopano la maantibayotiki otchedwa malacidins anali.idawululidwa koyambirira kwa 2018. Kupeza uku kudakali koyambirira, ndipo sikungopangidwa monga kafukufuku waposachedwa wa teixobactin.
5. Kuwunika kwa Phenotypic
Ngongole yazithunzi:SciLifeLab
Mu 2011 olemba David Swinney ndi Jason Anthonyadasindikiza zotsatira za zomwe apezaza momwe mankhwala atsopano adadziwidwira pakati pa 1999 ndi 2008 akuwulula mfundo yoti mankhwala ang'onoang'ono ang'onoang'ono amtundu woyamba adapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito kuwunika kwa phenotypic kuposa njira zokhazikika (mankhwala ovomerezeka 28 vs 17, motsatana) - ndi ndizochititsa chidwi kwambiri poganizira kuti njira yomwe yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri panthawiyi inali yolunjika.
Kusanthula kwakukuluku kudayambitsa kuyambikanso kwa phenotypic drug discovery paradigm kuyambira 2011 - m'makampani azamankhwala komanso m'masukulu. Posachedwapa, asayansi ku Novartisadachita ndemangaza momwe zinthu ziliri pano ndipo adafika pomaliza kuti, ngakhale kuti mabungwe ofufuza zamankhwala adakumana ndi zovuta zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya phenotypic, pali kuchepa kwa zowonera zomwe zikuwonetsedwa komanso kuwonjezeka kwa njira za phenotypic m'zaka zapitazi za 5. Mwinamwake, izi zipitirirabe kupitirira 2018.
Chofunika kwambiri, kupyola kuyerekeza ma phenotypic ndi njira zoyendetsera zolinga, pali njira yowonekera bwino yoyesera ma cell ovuta, monga kuchoka ku maselo osafa kupita ku maselo oyambirira, maselo odwala, co-cultures, ndi zikhalidwe za 3D. Kukonzekera koyesera kukuchulukirachulukira, kupitilira kuwerengeka kosasinthika poyang'ana kusintha kwa magawo ang'onoang'ono, kusanthula kwa selo limodzi komanso kujambula kwa ma cell.
6. Ziwalo (thupi)-pa-a-chip
Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi maselo amoyo amunthu titha kusintha kakulidwe ka mankhwala, kutengera matenda ndi mankhwala omwe munthu amasankha. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timeneti, totchedwa 'organ-on-chips', timapereka njira ina m'malo moyesera nyama zachikhalidwe. Pamapeto pake, kulumikiza machitidwewo palimodzi ndi njira yokhala ndi dongosolo lonse la "body-on-a-chip" loyenera kuti lipeze mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kuyezetsa ndi kutsimikizira ofuna mankhwala.
Izi tsopano ndizovuta kwambiri pakupeza mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi malo otukuka ndipo tafotokoza kale momwe zilili ndi "organ-on-a-chip" paradigm posachedwa.mini-kuwunika.
Ngakhale kukayikira kwakukulu kunalipo zaka 6-7 zapitazo, pamene malingaliro pamunda adanenedwa ndi otengera achangu. Lerolino, komabe, otsutsawo akuwoneka kuti akubwerera mmbuyo. Osati kokha ndi mabungwe owongolera ndi ndalamaanalandira lingaliro, koma tsopano zikuchulukirachulukirakutengeramonga nsanja yofufuzira mankhwala ndi onse a pharma ndi academia. Machitidwe opitilira khumi ndi awiri amayimiridwa pamakina a pa-chip. Werengani zambiri za izoPano.
7. Bioprinting
Dera la bioprinting minofu yaumunthu ndi ziwalo zikukula mofulumira ndipo, mosakayika, tsogolo la mankhwala. Inakhazikitsidwa koyambirira kwa 2016,Cellinkndi imodzi mwa makampani oyambirira padziko lapansi kupereka 3D bioink yosindikizidwa - madzi omwe amathandiza moyo ndi kukula kwa maselo aumunthu. Tsopano kampani bioprints mbali za thupi - mphuno ndi makutu, makamaka kuyesa mankhwala ndi zodzoladzola. Imasindikizanso ma cubes omwe amathandizira ofufuza "kusewera" ndi ma cell a ziwalo zamunthu monga chiwindi.
Cellink posachedwa adagwirizana ndi CTI Biotech, kampani yaku France ya medtech yomwe imagwira ntchito bwino popanga minyewa ya khansa, kuti apititse patsogolo gawo la kafukufuku wa khansa komanso kupezeka kwa mankhwala.
Kuyambitsa kwachinyamata kwa biotech kungathandize kwambiri CTI kusindikiza kwa 3D zotupa za khansa, posakaniza Cellink's bioink ndi zitsanzo zama cell a khansa ya wodwalayo. Izi zithandiza ochita kafukufuku kudziwa mankhwala atsopano olimbana ndi mitundu ina ya khansa.
Kuyambika kwina kwaukadaulo waukadaulo kupanga ukadaulo wosindikiza wa 3D wosindikiza zinthu zachilengedwe - kampani ya Oxford University spinout, OxSyBio, yomweadangotetezedwa £10mmu Series A financing.
Ngakhale 3D bioprinting ndi teknoloji yothandiza kwambiri, imakhala yosasunthika komanso yopanda moyo chifukwa imangoganizira za chiyambi cha chinthu chosindikizidwa. Njira yowonjezereka ndiyo kuphatikizira "nthawi" monga gawo lachinayi muzinthu zosindikizidwa zamoyo (zotchedwa "4D bioprinting"), zomwe zimawapangitsa kuti athe kusintha mawonekedwe awo kapena magwiridwe antchito ndi nthawi yomwe chilimbikitso chakunja chimayikidwa.Panondi ndemanga yanzeru pa 4D bioprinting.
Kutseka kawonedwe
Ngakhale popanda kudumphira mozama muzochitika zapamwamba zomwe tafotokozazi, ziyenera kuonekeratu kuti AI itenga gawo lomwe likukulirakulirabe. Madera onse atsopanowa a biopharma innovation akhala akukhazikika pa data. Izi pazokha zimawonetsera gawo lofunikira kwambiri la AI, ndikuzindikiranso, monga cholembera pamutuwu, kuti AI ili ndi zida zingapo, zowunikira komanso manambala zomwe zikuchitika mosalekeza. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa AI pakupeza mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kakulidwe koyambirira kumangoyang'ana kwambiri kuwulula njira zobisika ndi malingaliro olumikiza zomwe zimayambitsa ndi zotsatira zake zomwe sizingadziwike kapena kumveka.
Chifukwa chake, zida za AI zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza zamankhwala zimagwera moyenera pansi pa "nzeru zamakina" kapena "kuphunzira pamakina". Izi zitha kuyang'aniridwa ndi chitsogozo cha anthu, monga m'magulu owerengera ndi njira zowerengera, kapena osayang'aniridwa muzochita zawo zamkati monga pakukhazikitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maukonde opangira ma neural. Kukonzekera kwachilankhulo ndi semantic ndi njira zofikira pakulingalira kosadziwika (kapena kosamveka) zimathandizanso.
Kumvetsetsa momwe ntchito zosiyanasiyanazi zingaphatikizidwire mu chilango chachikulu cha "AI" ndi ntchito yovuta yomwe onse okhudzidwa ayenera kuchita. Imodzi mwa malo abwino kwambiri oti muyang'ane mafotokozedwe ndi mafotokozedwe ndiData Science Centralportal makamaka mabulogu a Vincent Granville, omwe pafupipafupikufotokoza kusiyanapakati pa AI, kutsamira pamakina, kuphunzira mozama, ndi ziwerengero. Kudziwa za ins ndi kutuluka kwa AI yonse ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri kuti mukhale odziwa kapena patsogolo pazochitika zilizonse za biopharma.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-29-2018