Nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj-nce siab los mus sib tw nyob rau hauv ib tug nyuaj kev lag luam thiab thev naus laus zis ib puag ncig, kws tshuaj thiab biotech tuam txhab uas muag yuav tsum txuas ntxiv innovate nyob rau hauv lawv cov R & D cov kev pab cuam nyob rau hauv ua ntej ntawm qhov kev ua si.
Kev tsim kho tshiab sab nraud tuaj rau hauv ntau hom ntawv thiab muaj nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw - los ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv labs, mus rau cov lag luam ntiag tug uas muaj peev xwm rov qab pib thiab cov koom haum tshawb fawb cog lus (CROs). Cia peb mus saib qee qhov kev tshawb fawb muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws uas yuav "kub" hauv 2018 thiab dhau mus, thiab sau cov ntsiab lus ntawm qee tus neeg tseem ceeb tsav tsheb tshiab.
Xyoo tas los BioPharmaTrend tau sau tsegob peb yam tseem ceebcuam tshuam rau kev lag luam biopharmaceutical, uas yog: kev nce qib ntawm ntau yam ntawm cov noob kho cov thev naus laus zis (feem ntau, CRISPR / Cas9); kev loj hlob txaus nyiam hauv cheeb tsam ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob oncology (CAR-T hlwb); ua kom pom tseeb ntawm kev tshawb fawb microbiome; kev txaus siab tob rau hauv cov tshuaj precision; qee qhov kev nce qib tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb nrhiav tshuaj tua kab mob; kev loj hlob zoo siab txog kev txawj ntse (AI) rau kev tshawb nrhiav tshuaj / kev tsim kho; muaj teeb meem tab sis kev loj hlob sai hauv cheeb tsam ntawm kev kho mob cannabis; thiab txuas ntxiv tsom mus rau pharma ntawm kev koom tes hauv R & D outsourcing qauv kom nkag mus rau kev tsim kho tshiab thiab kev txawj ntse.
Hauv qab no yog qhov txuas ntxiv ntawm qhov kev tshuaj xyuas no nrog rau ntau qhov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm kev tshawb fawb ntxiv rau hauv daim ntawv teev npe, thiab qee qhov kev tawm tswv yim txuas ntxiv ntawm cov qauv uas tau teev tseg saum toj no - qhov cuam tshuam.
1. Kev txais yuav Artificial Intelligence (AI) los ntawm pharma thiab biotech
Nrog rau tag nrho cov hype nyob ib ncig ntawm AI niaj hnub no, nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau surprise leej twg nrog cov qauv no hauv kev tshawb fawb tshuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias AI-tsav cov tuam txhab yeej pib tau txais kev sib tw nrog cov chaw muag tshuaj loj thiab lwm tus thawj coj hauv lub neej kev tshawb fawb, nrog ntau cov kev tshawb fawb koom tes thiab kev sib koom tes -ntawm noyog ib daim ntawv teev cov tseem ceeb deals txog tam sim no, thiabntawm noyog kev tshuaj xyuas luv luv ntawm qee qhov haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv "AI rau kev tshawb nrhiav tshuaj" qhov chaw nyob rau ob peb lub hlis dhau los.
Lub peev xwm ntawm AI-raws li cov cuab yeej tam sim no tau tshawb nrhiav nyob rau txhua theem ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav tshuaj thiab kev txhim kho - los ntawm kev tshawb fawb cov ntaub ntawv mining thiab pab txhawm rau txheeb xyuas lub hom phiaj thiab kev siv tau, txhawm rau pab los ntawm cov khoom siv lead ua tshiab thiab cov neeg sib tw tshuaj, thiab kwv yees lawv cov khoom thiab kev pheej hmoo. Thiab thaum kawg, AI-raws li software tam sim no tuaj yeem pab hauv kev npaj tshuaj synthesis kom tau txais cov kev txaus siab. AI kuj tseem siv rau kev npaj ua ntej kev kho mob thiab kev sim tshuaj ntsuam xyuas thiab tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv biomedical thiab chaw kho mob.
Tshaj li lub hom phiaj nrhiav tshuaj, AI yog siv rau hauv lwm qhov chaw tshawb fawb, piv txwv li, hauv phenotypic tshuaj nrhiav cov kev pab cuam - tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov ntsiab lus tshuaj ntsuam xyuas cov txheej txheem.
Nrog rau lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm AI-driven startups ntawm me me tshuaj molecule nrhiav tau, kuj muaj kev txaus siab rau kev siv xws li technologies rau biologics nrhiav thiab kev loj hlob.
2. Nthuav chaw tshuaj lom neeg rau kev tshawb nrhiav tshuaj
Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm txhua qhov kev tshawb nrhiav tshuaj me me yog qhov kev tshawb nrhiav - kev txheeb xyuas ntawm cov pib taw tes molecules uas yuav pib taug kev mus rau cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig (tsis tshua muaj lawv txoj sia nyob rau txoj kev no, txawm li cas los xij) - los ntawm ntau qhov kev txhim kho, kev siv tau thiab kev sim theem.
Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav ntaus yog kev nkag mus rau qhov chaw nthuav dav thiab tshuaj lom neeg sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj xws li molecules los xaiv cov neeg sib tw los ntawm, tshwj xeeb, rau kev tshawb nrhiav cov hom phiaj tshiab biology. Muab hais tias cov khoom sib xyaw uas twb muaj lawm ntawm tes ntawm pharma tau tsim nyob rau hauv ib feem raws li cov qauv me me uas tsim cov hom phiaj lom neeg paub, cov hom phiaj lom neeg tshiab xav tau cov qauv tshiab thiab cov tswv yim tshiab, es tsis txhob rov ua dua qub qub chemistry.
Ua raws li qhov xav tau no, cov chaw tshawb fawb kev kawm thiab cov tuam txhab ntiag tug tsim cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj sib xyaw kom deb dhau qhov uas muaj nyob hauv cov tuam txhab tshuaj niaj hnub sau. Piv txwv suav nrog GDB-17 database ntawm virtual molecules uas muaj 166,4 billion molecules thiabFWB-17ntawm 10 lab fragment zoo li molecules nrog mus txog 17 hnyav atoms;ZINK- cov ntaub ntawv pub dawb ntawm cov khoom lag luam muaj nyob rau hauv kev tshuaj ntsuam virtual, muaj 750 lab molecules, suav nrog 230 lab hauv 3D hom npaj rau docking; thiab kev txhim kho tsis ntev los no ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nkag tau REadily AvailabLe (REAL) chaw tshuaj lom neeg los ntawm Enamine — 650 lab molecules searchable ntawmREAL Space Navigatorsoftware, thiab337 lab molecules searchable(los ntawm qhov zoo sib xws) ntawm EnamineStore.
Lwm txoj hauv kev kom nkag mus rau qhov chaw tshiab zoo li tshuaj lom neeg rau kev tshawb nrhiav yog siv DNA-encoded library technology (DELT). Raws li "split-and-pool" qhov xwm txheej ntawm DELT synthesis, nws tuaj yeem ua kom muaj ntau qhov sib xyaw ua ke hauv tus nqi- thiab siv sijhawm zoo (ntau lab rau ntau lab ntawm cov tebchaw).Ntawm noyog ib daim ntawv qhia paub txog keeb kwm yav dhau los, cov ntsiab lus, kev vam meej, kev txwv, thiab yav tom ntej ntawm DNA-encoded library technology.
3. Targeting RNA nrog me me molecules
Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv kub hauv qhov chaw tshawb nrhiav tshuaj nrog qhov kev zoo siab tsis tu ncua: kev kawm, biotech startups thiab cov tuam txhab tshuaj tau nce siab ntxiv txog RNA lub hom phiaj, txawm hais tias qhov tsis paub tseeb kuj yog siab.
Nyob rau hauv lub cev muaj sia,DNAkhaws cov ntaub ntawv rauprotein ntausynthesis thiabRNAua raws cov lus qhia encoded hauv DNA ua rau cov protein synthesis hauv ribosomes. Txawm hais tias feem ntau ntawm cov tshuaj raug coj mus rau lub hom phiaj ntawm cov protein ua lub luag haujlwm rau tus kab mob, qee zaum nws tsis txaus los cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem pathogenic. Nws zoo li lub tswv yim ntse los pib ua ntej hauv cov txheej txheem thiab cuam tshuam RNA ua ntej cov proteins txawm raug tsim, yog li cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem txhais lus ntawm genotype rau qhov tsis xav tau phenotype (kab mob tshwm sim).
Qhov teeb meem yog, RNAs yog lub hom phiaj txaus ntshai rau cov molecules me me - lawv yog cov kab, tab sis muaj peev xwm ua rau clumsily twist, quav, lossis lo rau nws tus kheej, tsis zoo qiv nws cov duab kom haum cov hnab ris rau cov tshuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv sib piv rau cov proteins, lawv tsim ntawm tsuas yog plaub nucleotide tsev blocks ua rau lawv txhua tus zoo sib xws thiab nyuaj rau xaiv lub hom phiaj los ntawm me me molecules.
Txawm li cas los xij,ib tug xov tooj ntawm kev nce qib tsis ntev los noqhia tias nws muaj peev xwm tsim tau cov tshuaj zoo li tshuaj lom neeg, cov khoom siv roj ntsha me me uas lub hom phiaj RNA. Cov kev tshawb fawb tshiab tshiab tau ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov rau RNA -tsawg kawg yog kaum lub tuam txhabmuaj cov kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb rau nws, suav nrog cov tshuaj loj (Biogen, Merck, Novartis, thiab Pfizer), thiab biotech startups zoo li Arrakis Therapeutics nrog rau$38M Series Ib puag ncigNyob rau hauv 2017, thiab Expansion Therapeutics -$ 55M Series A thaum ntxov xyoo 2018.
4. Kev tshawb nrhiav tshuaj tua kab mob tshiab
Muaj kev txhawj xeeb loj zuj zus txog qhov nce ntawm cov kab mob tshuaj tua kab mob - superbugs. Lawv yog lub luag haujlwm rau kwv yees li 700,000 tus neeg tuag thoob ntiaj teb txhua xyoo, thiab raws li tsoomfwv UK tshuaj xyuas cov lej no tuaj yeem nce ntxiv - txog li 10 lab los ntawm 2050. Cov kab mob hloov zuj zus thiab txhim kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas ib txwm siv nrog kev vam meej, thiab tom qab ntawd dhau los ua tsis muaj txiaj ntsig nrog lub sijhawm.
Kev tsis lees paub cov tshuaj tua kab mob los kho cov teeb meem yooj yim hauv cov neeg mob thiab kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob ntau hauv kev ua liaj ua teb ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau qhov xwm txheej los ntawm kev ua kom cov kab mob hloov pauv sai, ua rau lawv tiv taus tshuaj nrog kev ceeb toom ceev.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, kev tshawb nrhiav tshuaj tua kab mob tau ua ib qho chaw tsis txaus ntseeg rau kev tshawb fawb tshuaj, piv rau kev tsim cov tshuaj 'kev lag luam zoo'. Nws yog tej zaum qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb tom qab ziab ntawm cov kav dej ntawm cov chav kawm tshuaj tua kab mob tshiab, nrog rau qhov kawg tau qhia ntau tshaj peb caug xyoo dhau los.
Tam sim no qhov kev tshawb pom tshuaj tua kab mob tau dhau los ua thaj chaw zoo nkauj dua vim qee qhov kev hloov pauv tau zoo hauv kev tswj hwm kev cai lij choj, txhawb cov tshuaj tua kab mob txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab ua lag luam ua lag luam - mus rau biotech startups tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob zoo. Xyoo 2016, ib tug ntawm peb (AB)tshuaj xyuas lub xeev ntawm tshuaj tua kab mob nrhiav pomthiab xaus qee qhov kev cog lus pib hauv qhov chaw, suav nrog Macrolide Pharmaceuticals, Iterum Therapeutics, Spero Therapeutics, Cidara Therapeutics, thiab Entasis Therapeutics.
Qhov tseem ceeb, ib qho ntawm qhov kev txaus siab tsis ntev los no hauv qhov chaw tshuaj tua kab mob yog qhovKev tshawb pom ntawm Teixobactinthiab nws cov analogs hauv 2015 los ntawm ib pawg kws tshawb fawb coj los ntawm Dr. Kim Lewis, Tus Thawj Coj ntawm Antimicrobial Discovery Center ntawm Northeastern University. Cov chav kawm tshuaj tua kab mob muaj zog tshiab no ntseeg tau tias muaj peev xwm tiv taus kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob tiv thaiv nws. Xyoo tas los, cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm University of Lincoln tau ua tiav qhov kev sib txuas ntawm teixobactin, ua ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb rau pem hauv ntej.
Tam sim no cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm Singapore Eye Research Institute tau pom tias cov tshuaj hluavtaws tuaj yeem kho Staphylococcus aureus keratitis hauv cov qauv nas nyob; Ua ntej qhov kev ua ntawm teixobactin tsuas yog pom hauv vitro. Nrog rau cov kev tshawb pom tshiab no, teixobactin yuav xav tau ntxiv 6-10 xyoo ntawm kev txhim kho kom dhau los ua cov tshuaj uas kws kho mob siv tau.
Txij li thaum pom teixobactin hauv xyoo 2015, lwm tsev neeg tshiab ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob hu ua malacidins yognthuav tawm thaum ntxov 2018. Qhov kev tshawb pom no tseem nyob rau theem pib, thiab tsis yog ze li tsim los ntawm kev tshawb fawb tshiab ntawm teixobactin
5. Kev tshuaj ntsuam phenotypic
Duab credit:SciLifeLab
Nyob rau hauv 2011 sau David Swinney thiab Jason Anthonyluam tawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lawv qhov kev tshawb pomhais txog yuav ua li cas cov tshuaj tshiab tau tshawb pom thaum xyoo 1999 thiab 2008 nthuav tawm qhov tseeb tias muaj txiaj ntsig ntau ntawm thawj cov tshuaj me me hauv chav kawm tau raug tshawb pom siv phenotypic kev tshuaj ntsuam ntau dua li cov hom phiaj (28 pom zoo tshuaj vs 17, raws li) - thiab Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj qhov xav txog tias nws yog lub hom phiaj raws li txoj hauv kev uas tau ua qhov tseem ceeb hauv lub sijhawm tau teev tseg.
Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas muaj txiaj ntsig no tau ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev tshawb pom cov tshuaj phenotypic txij li xyoo 2011 - ob qho tib si hauv kev lag luam tshuaj thiab hauv kev kawm. Tsis ntev los no, cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Novartisua kev tshuaj xyuasntawm lub xeev tam sim no ntawm cov qauv no thiab tuaj txog qhov xaus tias, thaum cov koom haum tshawb fawb tshuaj tau ntsib cov teeb meem loj heev nrog phenotypic mus kom ze, muaj qhov txo qis ntawm cov phiaj xwm raws li cov ntxaij vab tshaus thiab qhov nce ntawm phenotypic mus kom ze hauv 5 xyoo dhau los. Feem ntau tej zaum, qhov kev hloov no yuav txuas ntxiv mus dhau 2018.
Qhov tseem ceeb, dhau ntawm kev sib piv phenotypic thiab lub hom phiaj raws li txoj hauv kev, nws muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov cellular ntau dua, zoo li mus los ntawm cov kab ntawm tes tsis txawj tuag mus rau thawj cov hlwb, cov neeg mob hlwb, cov kab lis kev cai, thiab 3D kab lis kev cai. Cov kev sim teeb tsa kuj tau dhau los ua sophisticated, mus deb dhau qhov kev nyeem ntawv tsis sib haum xeeb mus rau kev soj ntsuam cov kev hloov pauv hauv subcellular compartments, ib leeg-cell tsom xam thiab txawm tias cov duab ntawm tes.
6. Lub cev (lub cev)-on-a-chip
Microchips lined los ntawm tib neeg lub hlwb tuaj yeem hloov kho kev tsim kho tshuaj, qauv kab mob thiab tshuaj kho tus kheej. Cov microchips, hu ua 'organs-on-chips', muaj lwm txoj hauv kev rau kev sim tsiaj txhu. Thaum kawg, kev sib txuas cov kab ke ua ke yog ib txoj hauv kev kom muaj tag nrho "lub cev-ntawm-ib-chip" qhov system zoo tagnrho rau kev tshawb nrhiav tshuaj thiab tshuaj neeg sib tw kuaj thiab siv tau.
Cov qauv no tam sim no yog ib qho loj hauv kev tshawb nrhiav tshuaj thiab qhov chaw loj hlob thiab peb twb tau hais txog cov xwm txheej tam sim no thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm "organ-on-a-chip" paradigm nyob rau hauv tsis ntev los no.mini-kev tshuaj xyuas.
Txawm hais tias muaj ntau qhov kev tsis ntseeg tau tshwm sim qee qhov 6-7 xyoo dhau los, thaum qhov kev xav ntawm thaj chaw tau nthuav tawm los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom txaus siab. Niaj hnub no, txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg thuam zoo li nyob hauv kev tawm tsam tag nrho. Tsis tsuas yog muaj cov koom haum tswj hwm thiab nyiaj txiagpuag lub tswvyim, tab sis nws yog tam sim no ncetxais yuavraws li kev tshawb fawb tshuaj los ntawm ob qho tib si pharma thiab academia. Ntau tshaj li ob lub teb chaws hauv nruab nrog cev tau sawv cev rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm daim npav. Nyeem ntxiv txog nwsntawm no.
7. Bioprinting
Lub cheeb tsam ntawm bioprinting tib neeg cov ntaub so ntswg thiab lub cev yog tsim sai heev thiab nws yog, undoubtedly, yav tom ntej ntawm tshuaj. Founded hauv thaum ntxov 2016,Celllinkyog ib lub tuam txhab thawj zaug hauv ntiaj teb muab 3D luam tawm bioink - cov kua uas ua rau lub neej thiab kev loj hlob ntawm tib neeg lub hlwb. Tam sim no lub tuam txhab bioprints qhov chaw ntawm lub cev - qhov ntswg thiab pob ntseg, feem ntau yog rau kev sim tshuaj thiab tshuaj pleev ib ce. Nws kuj tseem luam tawm cov kab ua kom cov kws tshawb fawb "ua si" nrog cov hlwb los ntawm tib neeg lub cev xws li daim siab.
Cellink tsis ntev los no tau koom tes nrog CTI Biotech, Fabkis lub tuam txhab medtech tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim cov ntaub so ntswg cancer, txhawm rau ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau thaj tsam ntawm kev tshawb fawb txog mob qog noj ntshav thiab tshuaj tshawb pom.
Cov tub ntxhais hluas biotech pib yuav pab tau CTI rau 3D luam tawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer, los ntawm kev sib xyaw Cellink's bioink nrog cov qauv ntawm tus neeg mob cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Qhov no yuav pab cov kws tshawb fawb hauv kev txheeb xyuas cov kev kho tshiab tawm tsam qee yam mob qog noj ntshav.
Lwm biotech pib tsim 3D luam ntawv thev naus laus zis rau luam ntawv cov ntaub ntawv lom neeg - Oxford University spinout tuam txhab, OxSyBio, uascia li ruaj ntseg £ 10mhauv Series A nyiaj txiag.
Thaum 3D bioprinting yog ib qho cuab yeej siv tau zoo, nws yog qhov zoo li qub thiab tsis muaj sia vim tias nws tsuas yog xav txog qhov pib ntawm cov khoom luam tawm. Ib txoj hauv kev zoo dua yog muab "sijhawm" raws li qhov thib plaub hauv cov khoom siv bioprinted (hu ua "4D bioprinting"), ua rau lawv muaj peev xwm hloov lawv cov duab lossis kev ua haujlwm nrog lub sijhawm thaum muaj kev txhawb nqa sab nraud.Ntawm noyog qhov kev tshuaj xyuas pom zoo ntawm 4D bioprinting.
Kaw qhov kev xav
Txawm hais tias tsis muaj qhov tob tob rau hauv txhua qhov kev sib tw saum toj kawg nkaus tau piav qhia, nws yuav tsum pom meej tias AI yuav tau ua ib feem ntawm qhov kev nqis tes ua. Txhua qhov chaw tshiab ntawm biopharma innovation tau dhau los ua cov ntaub ntawv loj. Qhov xwm txheej no nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej presages lub luag hauj lwm tseem ceeb rau AI, ceeb toom kuj, raws li ib tug postscript rau qhov kev pab them nqi ntawm lub ncauj lus, uas AI muaj ntau yam, analytical thiab cov cuab yeej ua zauv nyob rau hauv tsis tu ncua evolution. Cov ntawv thov ntawm AI hauv kev tshawb nrhiav tshuaj thiab kev txhim kho thaum ntxov yog rau feem ntau tsom rau kev nthuav tawm cov qauv zais thiab cov kev xav sib txuas ua rau thiab cuam tshuam lwm yam tsis paub lossis nkag siab.
Yog li, cov txheej txheem ntawm AI cov cuab yeej uas ua haujlwm hauv kev tshawb fawb tshuaj poob qis dua qhov tsim nyog raws li tus qauv ntawm "machine intelligence" lossis "machine learning". Cov no tuaj yeem raug saib xyuas los ntawm tib neeg kev taw qhia, xws li hauv kev faib tawm thiab cov txheej txheem kev kawm, lossis tsis muaj kev saib xyuas hauv lawv cov haujlwm sab hauv xws li kev siv ntau hom kev sib txuas ntawm neural networks. Cov lus thiab kev ua semantic thiab cov txheej txheem yuav ua rau tsis paub tseeb (lossis fuzzy) kev xav kuj ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb.
Nkag siab txog yuav ua li cas cov haujlwm sib txawv no tuaj yeem koom ua ke rau hauv kev qhuab qhia dav dav ntawm "AI" yog ib txoj haujlwm txaus ntshai uas txhua tus neeg nyiam yuav tsum ua. Ib qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws los nrhiav cov lus piav qhia thiab kev qhia meej yog qhovData Science Centralportal thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov blog posts los ntawm Vincent Granville, uas tsis tu ncuaelucidates qhov sib txawvnruab nrab ntawm AI, tshuab leaning, kev kawm tob, thiab kev txheeb cais. Kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov ins thiab outs ntawm AI tag nrho yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua kom abreast lossis ua ntej ntawm ib qho kev hloov pauv biopharma.
Post lub sij hawm: May-29-2018